Diamond
The hardest naturally occurring substance — a carbon allotrope with a tetrahedral crystal structure. Each atom bonds to four neighbors in perfect sp3 hybridization.
An open knowledge base exploring carbon in all its forms — from molecular bonds to global cycles. Mission-critical data for understanding Earth's most versatile element.
Dive into carbon's many forms and manifestations. Each entry is a gateway to deeper understanding.
The hardest naturally occurring substance — a carbon allotrope with a tetrahedral crystal structure. Each atom bonds to four neighbors in perfect sp3 hybridization.
A single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. 200x stronger than steel, yet incredibly flexible and electrically conductive.
A spherical molecule consisting of 60 carbon atoms arranged in pentagons and hexagons — the molecular analog of a soccer ball, discovered in 1985.
Cylindrical nanostructures with extraordinary mechanical strength and unique electrical properties. A rolled-up sheet of graphene with limitless potential.
Carbon flows through Earth's systems in a continuous cycle, transforming between organic and inorganic forms across atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
870 GtC
CO2 and methane trap heat, regulating global temperature through the greenhouse effect.
550 GtC
Living organisms absorb and release carbon through photosynthesis and respiration.
38,000 GtC
The ocean is Earth's largest active carbon sink, absorbing CO2 at the surface.
75,000,000 GtC
The largest reservoir: carbon locked in rocks, fossil fuels, and sediments over millions of years.
Relative proportions of carbon-bearing compounds in Earth's atmosphere by molecular volume.
Distribution of Carbon-12 (98.9%), Carbon-13 (1.1%), and trace Carbon-14 in nature.
From Lavoisier's identification to graphene isolation and modern carbon nanotech breakthroughs.
Tanso is the Japanese word for carbon. This wiki serves as a comprehensive, open-access encyclopedia dedicated to carbon science — from its atomic properties to its role in climate, materials, and life itself.
Our mission is to make carbon knowledge accessible, engaging, and visually compelling. Every article is peer-reviewed, data-rich, and designed for both researchers and curious minds.
“ Carbon is the backbone of life on Earth. We are carbon-based, our food is carbon-based, and our economies are carbon-based. ” - tanso.wiki founding principle