// ARCHIVE.INDEXED — 2026.Q1
Comprehensive analysis of transaction throughput across major Layer-2 optimistic rollup implementations. Data collected over 180-day observation window reveals consistent 40x improvement over L1 baseline with 99.7% finality rate within challenge period parameters.
Systematic benchmarking of zero-knowledge proof verification costs across Ethereum Layer-2 solutions. Our methodology evaluates gas consumption patterns, proving time distributions, and economic viability thresholds for various ZK-SNARK and ZK-STARK implementations.
Examining the economic incentive structures of state channel networks, including payment channels, application-specific channels, and generalized state channels. Analysis covers capital efficiency, routing economics, and dispute resolution cost profiles.
// AGGREGATE.DATA — QUARTERLY.REVIEW
Peak Throughput Multiplier
vs. Ethereum L1 baseline TPS
Median Transaction Cost
Across observed L2 networks
Uptime Reliability
Weighted average, all sequencers
Average Confirmation Latency
Soft confirmation, optimistic mode
// METRICS.STREAM — LIVE.FEED
| Network | TPS (avg) | Cost/Tx | TVL (USD) | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arbitrum One | 42.8 | $0.0031 | $18.4B | ACTIVE |
| Optimism | 38.2 | $0.0028 | $12.1B | ACTIVE |
| zkSync Era | 56.1 | $0.0042 | $8.7B | ACTIVE |
| StarkNet | 31.5 | $0.0055 | $5.2B | ACTIVE |
| Polygon zkEVM | 28.9 | $0.0019 | $3.8B | ACTIVE |
| Base | 67.3 | $0.0008 | $14.9B | ACTIVE |
| Scroll | 22.7 | $0.0063 | $2.1B | ACTIVE |
| Linea | 19.4 | $0.0047 | $1.6B | ACTIVE |
// HISTORICAL.INDEX — ALL.RECORDS